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–disable-mbregexThis disables support for Multi-Byte Regex (JRegex and others). –with-libmbfl[=DIR]This provides more multibyte language support. –with-mcrypt[=DIR]This is a replacement for the old crypt() package, which is an old Unix file-encryption method. –with-mcve[=DIR]This provides support for Main Street Softworks solution to direct credit-card processing for Linux. –with-mhash[=DIR]Another GNU library, this provides functionality for large-number hashing algorithms. –with-mime-magic[=FILE]Mime magic will try to determine a file type based on charac- ters contained within the first part of a file. –with-ming[=DIR]This is a SWF (Small Web File) output library. –with-mnogosearch[=DIR]Lavtech.Com s mnoGoSearch is a free search engine package. –with-monoThis enables PHP to access .NET assemblies via the Mono library. –with-msession[=DIR]This enables PHP to communicate and control the msession daemon if msession is running on your machine. –with-ncurses[=DIR]Ncurses displays and updates text on text-only machines. –enable-pcntlThis enables process-control support in PHP. –without-pcre-regexDo not include built-in support for Perl-type Regex. –with-pfpro[=DIR]This directive enables the ability to use VeriSign Payflow Pro functions. –disable-posixThis directive disables POSIX support. –with-pspell[=DIR]Provides spell-checking functionality for PHP. –with-libedit[=DIR]This non-GPL replacement for the Readline library is a spin-off from NetBSD code. –with-readline[=DIR]This provides support for the GNU Readline library. –with-recode[=DIR]This library provides functionality for converting files between character types. –enable-shmopThis provides support for shared memory operations. –with-snmp[=DIR]This adds Simple Network Management Protocol support into PHP. –enable-socketsThis enables PHP socketing control.
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with-ttf[=DIR]This provides TrueType font support. –with-gd[=DIR]This enables all graphics file formats covered in the GD library: GIF, JPEG, PNG, SWF, TIFF, and JPEG2000. –with-freetype-dir[=DIR]This adds support for a popular free font engine called FreeType. –with-t1lib[=DIR]This library enables you to generate bitmaps from Type-1 fonts. –enable-gd-native-ttfThis gives the GD library support for TrueType fonts. –enable-gd-jis-convThis allows the GD library, if enabled, to convert between Unicode and JIS (Japanese Industry Standards) character encodings. –with-xpm-dir[=DIR]XPixMap consists of an ASCII image format and C library. Other ProtocolsOther miscellaneous protocols which do not fall into other categories: –with-curl[=DIR]cURL is a command-line tool used for transferring files with URL syntax, which supports FTP, FTPS, HTTP, HTTPS, and so on. This is a common exten- sion needed for many online payment gateways. –with-curlwrappersThis is a set of wrappers used for cURL. –enable-dioThis provides support for Direct I/O functions. –with-famThis is the Posadis monitor module. –enable-ftpThis enables a set of client functions that can be used to interface with FTP servers. –with-gettext[=DIR]This provides functionality for GNU s gettext. It contains com- mands to translate strings. –with-gmp[=DIR]This provides support for the GNU Multiple Precision Bignum library. –with-iconv[=DIR]This is another Unicode conversion library from GNU. –with-imap[=DIR]The IMAP library is used for mail procedures in PHP. –with-kerberos[=DIR]This compiles in Kerberos Network Authentication Protocol support. –with-imap-ssl=[DIR]This provides support for IMAP with SSL. –with-ldap[=DIR]This provides support for the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. –enable-mbstringThis adds support for multi-byte strings and characters used in some foreign languages.
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with-pgsql[=DIR]This provides support for PostgreSQL. –enable-sqlite-utf8This enables SQLite with the UTF-8 character set. –with-sybase[=DIR]Sybase database server. –with-sybase-ct[=DIR]This indicates the location of the Sybase CT (ClienT) library. –with-custom-odbc[=DIR]This tells PHP to look in the specified directory for a custom ODBC library. –with-iodbc[=DIR]iODBC (Independent Open DataBase Connectivity) is another data- base server available. –with-fbsql[=DIR]This provides FrontBase support. –enable-fileproThis provides FilePro database support. –with-hwapi[=DIR]This provides support for Hyperwave, which is not free software. Hyperwave is an information system similar to a database. –with-informix[=DIR]This provides support for the IBM Informix database. –with-ingres[=DIR]This adds Ingres II database support. –with-interbase[=DIR]This adds Borland InterBase database support. –with-oci8[=DIR]Oracle 8 Call Interface support. –with-adabas[=DIR]AG s Adabas is a high-performance database that processes online transactions. –with-sapdb[=DIR]SAP DB is a free, enterprise-class, open source database. –with-solid[=DIR]This includes Solid DB support. –with-ibm-db2[=DIR]Support for IBM s DB2 database. –with-empress[=DIR]Support for Empress Software s Empress Embedded Database. –with-birdstep[=DIR]Support for Birdstep Technology s databases. –with-esoob[=DIR]This adds support for Easysoft OOB (ODBC-ODBC Bridge) soft- ware, which is an ODBC gateway. File-Handling and General DirectivesThis list will detail flags used to enable support for different types of file handling as well as some of the more general directives: –with-bz2[=DIR]This provides support for the bzip2 compression library.
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–with-zlib[=DIR] and –with-zlib-dir[=DIR]zlib is a compression library which uses the same compression algorithm as gzip. –with-openssl[=DIR]This compiles PHP with OpenSSL support. –enable-calendarThis enables calendar support for PHP through the implementation of date math. –disable-ctypeThis disables the standard C-library for PHP. –enable-bcmathThis supplies number theory math functions to PHP. XMLThe flags in the below list allow for varying levels and functionality packages for XML to be disabled or enabled: –disable-libxmlThis turns off support for XML. –with-libxml-dir[=DIR]This enables you to specify a custom directory for a PHP XML library. –disable-domThis turns off Document Object Model support used by XML. –disable-simplexmlThis turns off simple XML support for PHP. –enable-soapSOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) is much like XML Remote Proce- dural Calls (XML-RPC) and is an XML-based remote procedure call. –disable-xmlThis completely disables all XML extensions. –with-libexpat-dir=DIRThis enables a specific set of XML parser functions. –with-xmlrpc[=DIR]This enables XML-RPC. –with-ircgThis provides support for XML real-time streaming. Graphics, Fonts, and PDFThese options allow for graphics, font, and PDF functionality to be added to PHP: –enable-exifThis enables Exchangeable Image File Format (EXIF) support. –with-cpdflib[=DIR]This adds the ClibPDF library. –with-jpeg-dir[=DIR]This enables functions used to manipulate JPEG files. –with-tiff-dir[=DIR]This enables functions used to manipulate TIFF files. –with-pdflib[=DIR]This enables basic functions used to manipulate PDF files. –with-png-dir[=DIR]This enables basic functions used to manipulate PNG files.
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Database-Specific Directives Each directive listed here compiles PHP with support for a different database server, or for a set of functions or a library applicable to a certain database server. Each list item below will list the long name for the database type. –enable-dba Build PHP with built-in modules. –with-qdbm[=DIR] Quick Database Manager. –with-gdbm[=DIR] GNU s interpretation of Database Manager. –with-ndbm[=DIR] Neuros Database Manipulator. –with-db4[=DIR] Berkeley DB4. –with-db3[=DIR] Berkeley DB3. –with-db2[=DIR]Berkeley DB2. –with-dbm[=DIR]Berkeley Database Manager. –with-cdb[=DIR]Common database. –enable-dbasedBASE. –enable-dbxA database abstraction layer implemented in C. –with-flatfileFlat-file database. –with-msql[=DIR]mSQL. –with-mysql[=DIR]MySQL. –with-mysqli[=FILE]Available as of PHP 5.0, this directive and adds support for func- tions found in MySQL 4.1 and later that are not covered by the standard –with-mysql. –enable-embedded-mysqlThis should be enabled if you are using the embedded MySQL Server. –with-unixODBC[=DIR]This adds support for the standard ODBC library on a non- Microsoft system. –with-dbmaker[=DIR]This provides support for DBMaker. –with-oracle[=DIR]This provides support for Oracle. –with-ovrimos[=DIR]This adds support for Oracle Ovrimos SQL functions. –without-sqliteThis tells PHP to compile without SQLite, which comes prepackaged as of PHP 5.0.4337Book.
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–with-apxs[=FILE] | –with-axps2[=FILE] The first of these tells PHP to compile as a shared object for Apache 1.3; the second is used for Apache 2.0+. –with-apache[=DIR] This tells PHP to compile as a built-in Apache module. –disable-cli CLI is the Command Line Interface. If you disable this, you will also disable the PHP Extension Application Repository (PEAR). –disable-cgi This disables building the CGI version of PHP. –enable-force-cgi-redirect If you will be running the CGI version of PHP, you will want to enable this feature. This tells Apache to perform a security check when using an internal redirect. General Settings The below list provides you with settings and options that do not directly fit into any of the other groupings we have provided: –enable-safe-mode We will discuss this in more detail later in this chapter. In a nutshell, PHP safe mode attempts to solve shared-server security problems. –enable-sigchild This directive is needed only when you are connecting to Oracle 8.1.0+ via the Bequeeze interface. It enables PHP s own SIGCHLD handler. –enable-magic-quotes This enables magic quotes by default. The magic quotes feature automatically adds backslashes to POST and GET variables on your site. –disable-ipv6 IPv6 is the new version of IP. It contains new functionality for future expansions to IP architecture and is optimized for high-performance networks such as gigabit and ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) technology. –with-mysql-sock[=DIR] This tells PHP to use the mysql.sock file located at the supplied directory. –disable-session This disables sessions in PHP. Extensions As we said earlier, extensions are the add-ons for PHP. Keep in mind that most of these will require additional software installed, depending on your system configuration. –disable-all As it says, this disables all PHP extensions. –with-inifile This is new to 5.0 and enables you to specify Microsoft-style INI files.

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Determining Configuration Options and Extensions PHP itself comes with a large list of features for you to utilize. However, there are additional features you can enable by using PHP extensions. An extension is a group of functions and rou- tines that are considered extra in that you have to manually enable them during installation. Usually, extensions require additional software installed before you can enable them. Compiling extensions for PHP can be tricky. We recommend that if you do not need it, do not install it. A common problem with most pre-built packages for PHP is that they come with every extension installed; this reduces performance and, more important, could lead to a vul- nerable system. If you can relate enabling extensions in PHP to opening ports on your system firewall that are not needed, you will have a better picture of what we mean. Now that we have those concerns out of the way, let s take a look at some of the common configuration directives and extensions available for PHP. Keep in mind that because of the extremely long list of directives, we are covering only the most commonly used ones. Common Configuration Directives –prefix= PREFIX This tells PHP to install all architecture-independent files into the supplied directory location. By default this directory is /usr/local . –help This prints a list of configuration directives. –no-create This does not create output files. –quiet, –silent This tells the compiler not to print checking messages. –version This prints the version of autoconf that created the configure file. Features and Packages The following list details the flags used to enable, disable, and include or not include features and packages in your PHP compilation. –disable- FEATURE Do not include FEATURE (same as –enable- FEATURE =no ). –enable- FEATURE [= ARG ] Include FEATURE [ARG=yes] . –with- PACKAGE [= ARG ] Use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]. –without- PACKAGE Do not use PACKAGE (same as –with- PACKAGE =no ). Server Application Programming Interface (SAPI) SAPI extensions handle interaction with the web server. Because this book is written for the Apache web server, we will cover only the applicable extensions.

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most likely reason for your PHP installation, however, is the ability to create client-side scripts for websites. PHP makes it easy to integrate with virtually every database available, in our case MySQL. PHP also makes efficient use of POST and GET variables sent through Apache for easy integration and manipulation. This is handy for processing HTML forms for storage into a database or sending an e-mail, and so on. PHP Versions PHP currently has two versions available: PHP 4.3. x and PHP 5.0. For this book we will be using 5.0 because it introduces an abundance of optimizations and additional functionality not seen in 4.3. x . PHP 5.0 also introduces Zend Engine 2. The new Zend engine has been com- pletely rewritten to include an entirely new object model. The use of objects now includes a wide variety of new functionality not previously seen, such as private and protected methods, abstract classes and methods, interfaces, class type hints, object cloning, unified constructors, destructors, exceptions, and more. This alone, for the object-oriented coder, is more than enough reason to switch to PHP 5.0 from earlier versions. For the procedural developers out there or for those who have less experience with PHP, there are also a myriad of new functions and additions that apply to any coding methods and standards. The XML system has been completely overhauled and will now support SimpleXML and the DOM and Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) extensions. New php.ini options have also been added, stream support has been improved, the GD Graphics Library extension has been improved too many functions to list have been added, and countless bugs have been fixed. Overall it s a good idea to install PHP 5.0 over 4.3. x . If you would like a full list of all the changes that have been made, you can visit the PHP site for more information and look for the change log. We just wanted to give you some insight into why we chose 5.0 for this book. Installing PHP PHP is your final installation before your server is complete with its core functionality. Quite a few directives can be specified both during compilation and in its configuration files. This chapter will cover all of the more common options enabling PHP to run as needed. You will probably need to go back and recompile PHP later, when you discover that you, or someone else using your server, needs to add a new library for usage within a script. Do not worry, however after a couple of installations you ll have it down to a science.

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Chapter 10 PHP: Installation and Configuration Why Use PHP? PHP Versions Installing PHP The PHP INI File
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A t this point, your LAMP setup is almost complete if you have been following along in the book. You have nearly all of the elements in place to complete your LAMP acronym. Now all you have to do is install and configure PHP and you will be on your way to running a full- blown LAMP server. PHP has been around for many years and has become a fully featured and mature program- ming language. If you are curious about PHP s development, please refer to Chapter 1, Intro- ducing LAMP ; otherwise, let s get moving along so you can learn why you should use PHP and the important features it has to offer. Why Use PHP? Simply stated, PHP is the fastest parsing server-side scripting language available. ASP and Java both require separate objects to be instantiated to accomplish almost any task. For instance, in ASP when a programmer uses VBScript, he is running a COM (Component Object Model) object. When he writes to the client, he s calling the Response COM object s Write method. When he accesses a database, he uses another COM object. Then when he accesses the filesys- tem, yet another COM object is called. Because of this, more and more resources are required to perform tasks. When hundreds or even thousands of users are accessing these pages and func- tionality, all this overhead adds up fast and significantly reduces system performance and speed. PHP, however, accomplishes all the preceding tasks entirely in PHP s own memory space. This of course uses drastically less resources. Features, features, features: PHP comes installed with tons of support for features such as FTP, data compression, file uploads, XML (eXtensible Markup Language), MD5, e-mail, and so on. To enable these features in ASP, you would need to purchase expensive third-party packages. These hidden costs, in our opinion, are simply unacceptable and those are just the basic options. PHP also offers complex functionality such as dynamic images, IMAP, SNMP, dynamic Flash, PDF (Portable Document Format), native access to Oracle and other DBs, LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol), and sockets. Not only that, PHP is actually more mature than ASP. ASP has been around only since 1996, whereas PHP has been in devel- opment since 1994. Last is the cost factor. If you want to run ASP efficiently, you ll want to run Windows, prob- ably access Microsoft SQL, most likely want Visual Studio, and probably run IIS money, money, money, and poor performance when compared to Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP. PHP, in a general sense and at its base level, is capable of creating dynamic web pages that incorporate data from databases or other sources not found directly on those web pages. PHP can also be run from the command line and can be used from cron jobs or even for client-side GUI applications, although these last two abilities are rarely seen.
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